Hi everyone:
I'm trying to set up customized Private IP address ranges with the RT6600ax and am having some problems. I'm using SRM 1.3.1-9346 and I think these questions probably apply to all other Synology routers as well. Below are my questions, a little background, and the ranges I'm trying to use. Thanks for any hlep!
Question 1: Are my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below correct or wrong?
Question 2: If my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below are wrong for being "too greedy" for wanting larger IP ranges, why can't we use the full allowed private IP range on our routers?
Question 3: If my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below are wrong, what should they be assuming I want the biggest range that will work well?
Question 4: Why does Synology seem to introduce a minor limit their last octet range to 254 item range (192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254) instead of the full 256 item range (192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255)?
Question 5: Is the minor last octet range limit, noted above in Question 4, apply to other octets in the range? For example, would Synology limit the Class A private IP range to be 10.1.1.1 - 10.254.254.254 even though the actual range is 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255? And if so, why, and how would we make entries for that range to work on the router?
A LITTLE BACKGROUND
I'm trying to set up different private IP ranges for my Synology router. When I use the default* Synology reduced class C private IP range, everything works great/perfectly! But I prefer the class A range that my old Apple Airport router used. In fact, I'd like to use the 3 seperate private ranges for each seperate sub-networks as follows:
Primary Network Class A private IP range: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
Guest Network Class B private IP range: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
IoT Network Class C private IP range: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
*(note: Synology uses a reduced class C private IP range of 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254 limiting their routers to only 253 additional devices)
Here are a few resources on the different class ranges that I read through:
5 Classes of IPv4 Addresses [Class A, B, C, D and E]
Private IP Address Ranges - IONOS Help
Understanding Private IP Ranges, Uses, Benefits, and Warnings | Okta Singapore
What Is a Private IP Address & What Are the Ranges?
The reason I would like the different ranges is it will make it very easy to spot a device and tell what network it is on just by its IP/range. Also, with so many IoT things that we are adding, we may likely need more than 253 devices on the network at some point.
The problem is, when I modify each of my 3 networks to the full Class A/B/C private IP ranges, things *seem* to work, but fringe items break. For example, when I just try to change my primary network to the full Class C private IP range things break/dont work when they worked fine with the default Synology reduced class C private IP range. Things like my coffee maker, and some websites just will not come up even though 99% of things do work (and this is without enableing the Guest or IoT, this is just for changing the primary network from the default Synology reduced class C private IP ranges to any of the other full Class A/B/C private IP ranges).
I'm assuming I'm entering something wrong in how I change the ranges, and will share that below, but one thing I wish Synology would do is give us a pop up to select our range without us having to hand tailor the range, introducting the potential to mess things up. Other router makers provide a pop-up menus that lets you select the Class A/B/C private IP range you like without having to hand tune all the details.
PRIVATE IP ADDRESS RANGES THAT I'M TRYING TO USE
Setting 0 (Global DNS): This setting for my global DNS:
Network Center>Internet>Manually Configure DNS Server>Preferred DNS Server: 9.9.9.9
Setting 1 (Class A private IP range) (Primary Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 10.0.0.1
Subnet mask: 8 (255.0.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 10.0.0.2
End IP address: 10.255.255.254
Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Primary DNS: 10.0.0.1
Setting 2 (Class B private IP range) (Guest Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 172.16.0.1
Subnet mask: 8 (255.0.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 172.16.0.2
End IP address: 172.31.255.254
Gateway: 172.16.0.1
Primary DNS: 172.16.0.1
Setting 3 (Class C private IP range) (IoT Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 192.168.0.1
Subnet mask: 24 (255.255.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 192.168.0.2
End IP address: 192.168.255.254
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Primary DNS: 192.168.0.1
Setting 4 (Class C reduced private IP range) (these are default Synology reduced IP range settings):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 192.168.1.1
Subnet mask: 24 (255.255.255.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 192.168.1.2
End IP address: 192.168.1.254
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Primary DNS: 192.168.1.1
So I think part of the problem is I'm trying to be too greedy and want use all of the class A/B/C private IP ranges that we are allowed to use. Synology seems to put 2 types of reductions on using private IP ranges as a default (minor and major):
Minor private IP range limitations on last octet
For example I show setting 4 above which is in the default Synology reduced class C private range, but Synology uses a reduced "minor last octet" range, where it artificially cuts off the beginning and end of an octet range. Synology does not seem to let you use 192.168.1.0 (zero) as a start to the range nor does it seem to let you use 192.168.1.255 (255) as the end of a range. All of Synology's range numbers for the last octet begin with a 1 and end with a 254 and in essense shorten the range of 256 down to 254. Why (Question 4)?
The router seems to not be able to use the full range without having some issues, but I ended the ranges for the last octet in Settings 1-3 above similarly to avoid, what I think, are artifical limits on the 'minor last octet' range required by Synology routers.
However, what I'm not sure of is this should this minor reduction be applied only to the last octet, or should it also be employed for other octets that are set to vary (Question 5)?
Major private IP range limitations
And perhaps more perplexing, I do not understand why Synology introduces a major reduction to its default class C private range to be 192.168.1.X when we (I think) are entitled to use the 192.168.X.X range. This means that by default, Synology routers are limited to about 253 devices because the address space will not go further by default.
Anyway, thank you so much for any help setting up the ranges properly!
I'm trying to set up customized Private IP address ranges with the RT6600ax and am having some problems. I'm using SRM 1.3.1-9346 and I think these questions probably apply to all other Synology routers as well. Below are my questions, a little background, and the ranges I'm trying to use. Thanks for any hlep!
Question 1: Are my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below correct or wrong?
Question 2: If my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below are wrong for being "too greedy" for wanting larger IP ranges, why can't we use the full allowed private IP range on our routers?
Question 3: If my Private IP address range Settings 1-3 below are wrong, what should they be assuming I want the biggest range that will work well?
Question 4: Why does Synology seem to introduce a minor limit their last octet range to 254 item range (192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254) instead of the full 256 item range (192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255)?
Question 5: Is the minor last octet range limit, noted above in Question 4, apply to other octets in the range? For example, would Synology limit the Class A private IP range to be 10.1.1.1 - 10.254.254.254 even though the actual range is 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255? And if so, why, and how would we make entries for that range to work on the router?
A LITTLE BACKGROUND
I'm trying to set up different private IP ranges for my Synology router. When I use the default* Synology reduced class C private IP range, everything works great/perfectly! But I prefer the class A range that my old Apple Airport router used. In fact, I'd like to use the 3 seperate private ranges for each seperate sub-networks as follows:
Primary Network Class A private IP range: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
Guest Network Class B private IP range: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
IoT Network Class C private IP range: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
*(note: Synology uses a reduced class C private IP range of 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254 limiting their routers to only 253 additional devices)
Here are a few resources on the different class ranges that I read through:
5 Classes of IPv4 Addresses [Class A, B, C, D and E]
Private IP Address Ranges - IONOS Help
Understanding Private IP Ranges, Uses, Benefits, and Warnings | Okta Singapore
What Is a Private IP Address & What Are the Ranges?
The reason I would like the different ranges is it will make it very easy to spot a device and tell what network it is on just by its IP/range. Also, with so many IoT things that we are adding, we may likely need more than 253 devices on the network at some point.
The problem is, when I modify each of my 3 networks to the full Class A/B/C private IP ranges, things *seem* to work, but fringe items break. For example, when I just try to change my primary network to the full Class C private IP range things break/dont work when they worked fine with the default Synology reduced class C private IP range. Things like my coffee maker, and some websites just will not come up even though 99% of things do work (and this is without enableing the Guest or IoT, this is just for changing the primary network from the default Synology reduced class C private IP ranges to any of the other full Class A/B/C private IP ranges).
I'm assuming I'm entering something wrong in how I change the ranges, and will share that below, but one thing I wish Synology would do is give us a pop up to select our range without us having to hand tailor the range, introducting the potential to mess things up. Other router makers provide a pop-up menus that lets you select the Class A/B/C private IP range you like without having to hand tune all the details.
PRIVATE IP ADDRESS RANGES THAT I'M TRYING TO USE
Setting 0 (Global DNS): This setting for my global DNS:
Network Center>Internet>Manually Configure DNS Server>Preferred DNS Server: 9.9.9.9
Setting 1 (Class A private IP range) (Primary Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 10.0.0.1
Subnet mask: 8 (255.0.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 10.0.0.2
End IP address: 10.255.255.254
Gateway: 10.0.0.1
Primary DNS: 10.0.0.1
Setting 2 (Class B private IP range) (Guest Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 172.16.0.1
Subnet mask: 8 (255.0.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 172.16.0.2
End IP address: 172.31.255.254
Gateway: 172.16.0.1
Primary DNS: 172.16.0.1
Setting 3 (Class C private IP range) (IoT Network):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 192.168.0.1
Subnet mask: 24 (255.255.0.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 192.168.0.2
End IP address: 192.168.255.254
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Primary DNS: 192.168.0.1
Setting 4 (Class C reduced private IP range) (these are default Synology reduced IP range settings):
Network Center>Edit>General
Local IP: 192.168.1.1
Subnet mask: 24 (255.255.255.0)
Network Center>Ediot>IPv4 DHCP
Start IP address: 192.168.1.2
End IP address: 192.168.1.254
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Primary DNS: 192.168.1.1
So I think part of the problem is I'm trying to be too greedy and want use all of the class A/B/C private IP ranges that we are allowed to use. Synology seems to put 2 types of reductions on using private IP ranges as a default (minor and major):
Minor private IP range limitations on last octet
For example I show setting 4 above which is in the default Synology reduced class C private range, but Synology uses a reduced "minor last octet" range, where it artificially cuts off the beginning and end of an octet range. Synology does not seem to let you use 192.168.1.0 (zero) as a start to the range nor does it seem to let you use 192.168.1.255 (255) as the end of a range. All of Synology's range numbers for the last octet begin with a 1 and end with a 254 and in essense shorten the range of 256 down to 254. Why (Question 4)?
The router seems to not be able to use the full range without having some issues, but I ended the ranges for the last octet in Settings 1-3 above similarly to avoid, what I think, are artifical limits on the 'minor last octet' range required by Synology routers.
However, what I'm not sure of is this should this minor reduction be applied only to the last octet, or should it also be employed for other octets that are set to vary (Question 5)?
Major private IP range limitations
And perhaps more perplexing, I do not understand why Synology introduces a major reduction to its default class C private range to be 192.168.1.X when we (I think) are entitled to use the 192.168.X.X range. This means that by default, Synology routers are limited to about 253 devices because the address space will not go further by default.
Anyway, thank you so much for any help setting up the ranges properly!